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Digital transformation of information exchange based on UN/CEFACT standards
Foundation of digital transformation
The digital transformation of information exchange in the national TLS is based on the results of business process reengineering and consists of developing solutions for standardized data and electronic document exchange based on relevant international semantic standards and reference data models used in the supply chains of a specific country. The main objective of this stage is to ensure seamless multimodal and cross-border data and electronic document exchange both within the national TLS and in servicing international transport through national segments of transport corridors, using UN/CEFACT semantic standards and reference data models.

To achieve this objective, the following tasks are addressed:

  • development of a national data model for transport and logistics documents, including a dataset, data structure, naming rules, definitions, and codes, so that when creating electronic equivalents of trade or transport documents they comply with the UN/CEFACT MMT RDM model and semantic standards;
  • conversion of the national document data model into an electronic syntax;
  • ensuring the possibility of reverse conversion from electronic documents to paper form (e.g., printing documents in PDF format).
UN/CEFACT standards for electronic documents (2020–2023)
In the course of digital transformation of multimodal data exchange and electronic documents, it is also important to consider that in 2020–2023 UN/CEFACT developed standards for electronic equivalents of the most commonly used trade and transport and logistics documents, based on data harmonization principles.

Each of these standards includes:

  • Business Requirements Specification (BRS), which describes the business process supported by the standard;
  • Data requirements specification, including the dataset and data structure built on the Multimodal Transport Reference Data Model (MMT RDM2);
  • XSD and XML schemas, which define and refine the structure of messages for electronic exchange of certificates.

The described approach was used by the Completesoft expert group in 2021–2022 for the analysis and development of a specialized data model for digitalizing information exchange in the transport corridor between EU and EAEU countries based on UN/CEFACT standards.

In this context, the main stages of data standardization were implemented in accordance with Recommendation No. 34, including:

  • Analysis of existing national requirements — collection and documentation of all data elements required by different authorities;
  • Rationalization — removal of duplicate elements and simplification of requirements;
  • Mapping — alignment of national data elements with UN/CEFACT international standards;
  • Creation of a national data set — finalization of the list of elements to be used in electronic documents.

During the development process, the main tools used were the Core Components Library (CCL) and the MMT RDM. The key objective in creating such a specialized model was to ensure semantic interoperability between different information systems at both national and international levels.